FACULTY OF MEDICINE
IN NANCY
He has his name put down at the Faculty of Medicine in November 1897. Immediately, because of his licence of physics & chemistry, he is in charge of the preparation of practical works of chemistry. The next year he prepares the courses. In 1898, when he is 20 years, he does one of his first scientific papers for an international congress in Cambridge ; (he speaks English, then). The 1st November 1900, he becomes chief of works at the Faculty of Medicine of Nancy. He gives courses of chemistry and conferences of analytical chemistry.
We see his name among people of "Medical Esperantist Society" of the east of France; he is the secretary. His capacity for work, his rigour, his probity, all familial and Lorrain qualities are Louis Camille's belief. He writes this himself to his teachers, when thanking them for his thesis.
Let us note besides that his professors are among the most prestigious that a student can dream: the "Doyen BICHAT", Professors HALLER, GUNTZ, BLONDLOT, for sciences, Professors HERGOTT, SPILLMANN, BERNHEIM, GROSS, GARNIER, for medicine, all having given their name nowadays to a hospital, a street or a lecture theater. Moreover, Mr. PRENANT has created a circle entitled Réunion Biologique in which the brilliant students are supported by this university learned assembly. The Society found Louis Camille so bright that his professors consider him ase one of them. Besides this, some communications of MAILLARD will be the subject of a national publication.
Please excuse us for the bad quality of this automatic translation which is being corrected for better comprehension
It is one as of the these communications which will make him obtain price RITTER in November 1899 (specific action of the free ions on the alive beings - Penicillium glaucum) and will do it Lauréat of the Faculty of Medicine. Let us recall that this same year, it makes a success of one 22nd licence of Sciences (in zoology). All that, parallel to its medicine, which proves once again its capacity for work and its thirst for knowledge.
Its double formation will allow him an approach different from the other chemists and doctors at the time of the experiments of laboratory and that undoubtedly explains the often complete and final character of its publications. The chemist seeks the medical application, and the doctor is based on the chemical certainty. Between its studies of medicine, its licence of sciences, its courses, its conferences, its activity within the Company and its parents, it should not to any more remain him much of time for its ami(e)s! The more so as we can still raised his presence as a secretary in the Espérantistes Conferences.
At that time, it is presented at the Council of Toul. Conscript provisionally exempted until 1905, it is exempted military service for important myopia (g6/d7) and astigmatism. He is reformed n° 2 on November 11, 1899. He can thus continue his preparations and take his functions of Chief of practical work in 1900 with the Faculty of Medicine of Nancy. The bulletin of annotating of the vice-chancellorship shows that it perceives for this course an allowance of 1 500 francs (AD54, 1 T 1107 )
FACULTY OF MEDICINE Of the UNIVERSITY OF NANCY
Flow chart in 1903
Senior : Mr. GROSS, Internal,
Assessor : Mr. BERNHEIM, Internal,
Professors emeritus : MISTERS HERGOTT, Internal, HECHT, Internal, BEAUNIS, Internal,
Medical Mr. BERNHEIM, Internal private clinic, professor
Surgical Mr. GROSS, Internal private clinic, professor
Medical Mr. CARPENTER, Internal physics, professor
Surgery Mr. CHRISTIAN, Internal, professor
Surgical Mr. WEISS, Internal private clinic, professor
Chemistry medical and toxicology Mr. GARNIER, Internal, professor
Medical Mr. SPILLMANN, Internal private clinic, professor
Private clinic obstétricale and childbirth M. A. Internal HERGOTT, professor
Forensic medicine Mr. E DEMANGE, Internal, professor
Hygiene Mr. MACÉ, Internal, professor
Therapeutic and medical Mr. SCHMITT, Internal Matter, professor
Pathological anatomy Mr. BARABAN, Internal, professor
Descriptive anatomy Mr. NICOLAS, Internal, professor
Physiology Mr. MEYER, Internal, professor
General pathology and Pathology intern Mr. SIMON, Interne, professor
Histology Mr. FASCINATING, Internal, professor
Medical Mr. VUILLEMIN , Internal natural history, professor
Ophthalmologic Mr. ROHMER, Internal private clinic, professor
Complementary courses
Private clinic of the diseases of the old men Mr. P. PARISOT, Internal, aggregate, in charge of the course
Private clinic of the diseases of the children Mr. HAUSHALTER, Internal, aggregate, in charge of the course
Private clinic of the syphilitic and cutaneous diseases Mr. FEBRUARY, A, aggregate, in charge of the course
Childbirth Mr. SCHUHL, A, aggregate, in charge of the course
External pathology Mr. VAUTRIN, aggregate, in charge of the course
Foundation of the University: Private clinic of orthopedy Mr. FROELICH, aggregate
Foundation of the University: Private clinic of electrotherapy Mr. GUILLOZ, aggregate
Foundation of the University: Private clinic of otorhinolaryngology Mr. JACQUES, aggregate
Foundation of the University: Private clinic of the urinary tracts Mr. ANDRE, aggregate
Private clinic of the psychoses Mr. PARIS, in charge of the course
Conference of medical chemistry Mr. GUERIN
Messrs ÉTIENNE, A, ZILGIEN, A, GUILLOZ, A, FROELICH, A, SCHUHL, A, JACQUES, A, LAMBERT, A, ANDRE, BOUIN, A, SPILLMANN (L), MICHEL (G),
Incorporated free:
Messrs SCHLAGDENHAUFFEN, Internal, VAUTRIN, A, REMY, A, P. PARISOT, Internal,
FEBRUARY, Internal, HAUSHALTER, Internal.
_______
Mr F LAMBERT OF The CILLEULS, A, Secretary.
It should be noted that all these people are titular academic palms and numbers of them
Officer of the Legion of Honour
LIST PROFESSORS OF LOUIS CAMILLE MAILLARD
with the Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, 1897 to 1903
Annotated the university file:
Professor GROSS
Professor BERNHEIM
Professor HERGOTT
Professor SPILLMANN
Professor FEBRUARY
Professor ROHMER, cousin by alliance of Louis Camille MAILLARD
INSPECTORS:
First year, bulletin of payment 900, receipt n° 28
CHRISTIAN
NICOLAS
JACQUES
Second year, bulletin of payment 70, receipt n° 127
GARNIER
MEYER
JACQUES
Third year, bulletin of payment 169, receipt n° 1990
CHRISTIAN
HERGOTT
FEBRUARY
Third year, 22nd part, bulletin of payment 548, receipt n°422
SPILLMANN
BARABAN
ÉTIENNE
Fourth year, bulletin of payment 190, receipt n° 160
DEMANGE
MACÉ
HAUSHALTER
Fifth year, bulletin of payment 220, receipt n° 200
GROSS
CHRISTIAN
SCHMITT
Fifth year, 22nd part, bulletin of payment 239, receipt n° 231
SPILLMANN
SCHMITT
HAUSHALTER
Sixth year, bulletin of payment 974, receipt n° 540
public defence of the thesis n° on 19 July 17, 1903 to 4 p.m.
GARNIER, professor, President of the jury
MEYER, professor, judge
GUERIN, incorporated, judge
LAMBERT, incorporated, judge Top of the page
and of
from NANCY
Series III. - - Volume II. - - Booklet IV
22nd year. November and December 1901
Coast P 135 1901 Departmental records of Meurthe and the Moselle
Louis MAILLARD* is member of the Company since December 15, 1899 with the n° 60 (at 21 years)
Mr. Cuénot, secretary-general of the biological Meeting, presents his report/ratio for the year 1899-1901. During the eight meetings of the Meeting, it was made twenty-four communications or presentations due to MISTERS Abt, Bouin, Cuénot, Dormoy, Dupuy, Florentin, Gain, Garnier, Lambert, Guillemin, Hecht, Monnier, Maillard, Maire, Prenant, Raoult and Rohmer. The majority of these communications, which touched at all the points of biology, were inserted or summarized in the annual Bulletin. * In fat, members of the Company also professors de Louis Camille
The Ritter price, founded in memory of our regretted colleague, is allotted
every two years, with the best original work of medical chemistry, made in a
laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, by a pupil or a former pupil of our
School.
Report/ratio on the contest, introduced at the Faculty of Medicine by a made up commission MISTERS CARPENTER, president; GARNIER, MEYER, GUILLOZ and GUERIN, rapporteur.
The report presented for the contest of the Ritter price, by Mr Louis MAILLARD, fired ès-sciences, biological preparer of chemistry to Faculty, has as a title:
" Of the intervention of the ions in the biological phenomena. Research on the toxicity of copper sulfate for Penicillium glaucum ".
Mr Maillard, after begin with an authoritative review on the theory from the ions, such as built work of the contemporary chemists, speaks about the importance of this theory in the physiological field and about the new idea which it introduces in chemistry. Quoting many work of its precursors, to which it applies a reasoned criticism, it emphasizes, by judicious explanations, all the value of the intervention of the osmotic phenomena in these kinds of experiments. Value that Mr Eckardt, in his inaugural thesis, made in the laboratory of Ostwald highlighted well by establishing that there is a parallelism very Net between the speed of diffusion of the bodies and their toxicity for the bacteria, such as Messrs Paul and König had determined before.
Mr Maillard states then that it initially was concerned to be it with alive, of the organization of choice on which it wanted to test. He exposes the considerations which led it to adopt one mucédinée, Penicillium glaucum which represents, among the lower beings, one of the most handy types by the simplicity of his physiological and chemical operation, his exceptional resistance and his great adaptability.
On the basis of this fact that the dissociation of the bodies decreases when the concentration increases, and that one can make easily retrogress the ionization of a salt dissolved by adding to the solution of this one another acid salt in the same way, but of a different and nontoxic metal, Mr Maillard, in a series of studies and experiments of control, well the inhibiting action of the sulphate of ammonia highlighted on the toxicity of copper sulfate with regard to Penicillium, and the forecasts based on the phenomena of ionization or electrolytic dissociation are fully confirmed.
Mr Maillard, of the remainder, proved directly and in experiments that the sulphate of ammonia acted well here by its anion So4, as it supposed it, while the cation AzH4 was indifferent. The experiments which it instituted, to arrive at this demonstration, are as convincing as instructive. They as show that to lower the toxicity of copper sulfate in dissolution, one can replace the sulphate of ammonia by sodium sulphate or potassium sulphate, in short, as an addition of anions So4 borrowed from alkaline sulphates uniformly decreases the toxicity of copper sulfate.
A second part of the work of Mr Maillard is devoted to interesting experiments of cryoscopy having for goal the determination of the degree of electrolytic dissociation of the various cupric solutions which it studied, in order to be able to compare the weight of harvests of Penicillium with the quantities of ions Cu+ that these liquids contained. The results led the author to draw the following conclusions:
1°) the great part of the toxicity of copper sulfate for Penicillium glaucum returns to the ions Cu+
2°) Another share in this action, much smaller it is true, can be allotted to the not ionized molecules CuSo4.
Like general conclusions, Mr Maillard declares :
1°) That one can today regard as definitively shown the special role of the ions in the toxicity of rock salt and that the chemical role of salts in physiology is related certainly to their degree of dissociation
2°) That another factor, quite distinct from the first, lies in the osmotic difference between the organization and the toxic medium
3°) That these conclusions are applicable to all the phenomena of physiological chemistry, that they are toxicological or not
4°) Finally that these influences are especially easy to show in the case of physiologically homogeneous organizations, such as a well defined fabric anatomically.
In short, the report of Mr Maillard is very scientifically designed and of most remarkable. It indicates in its author a thorough knowledge of physical chemistry and a critical spirit of a great subtlety.
Faculty will be happy, without any doubt, to award the prize of the Ritter foundation to this work which honours its author and throws a very particular gloss on the laboratory where it occurred.
AD 54 -- BA 76 - 1 - year 1900 - pages 90 and 114 to 116
At this end of 192nd
and this beginning of 202nd century, the Polish doctor and linguist
Lejzer Ludwik ZAMENHOF develops Esperanto. Its great intention is to connect the
men beyond the linguistic borders and barriers. The scientific elites adhere to
this ambitious project.
Located to Nancy in border area, the medical
communities of the East of France, strong of its many refugees, bring a support
without reserve to the program of Zamenhof. The meetings nancéiennes are very
run and the assistance counts in its rows grinds doctors of " the School
of Nancy" *.
* Ecole name of Nancy qualifies the famous doctors
such large professors Lièbault, Bernheim. Vuillemin, Hergott, Spillmann and
some others. Freud itself comes to Nancy to attend the conferences of the
Masters. It is only later than the artists of the Art nouveau will associate
their names this denomination at the instigation of Gallé. Then, let us return
in César...!
LE Groupe Medical Espérantiste de France organizes
its world congress. This one is held under the Presidency of Zamenhof in person
with the participation of the French Company of Physics, the International
Company of the Electricians, Professors Adelsköld, Appell, ofArsonval,
Baudoin de Courtenay, Becquerel, Berthelot, Bouchard,
Deslandres, Duclaux, Förster, Haller, H. Poincaré,
Ramsay, Général Sebert, etc.
Mr MAILLARD is Secrétaire of the Meetings.
Secretary of such an assembly, it is much more than
one honor, it is already a dedication!
Appell: (Paul),
French Mathematician, Born In Strasbourg (1855-1930). One owes him of many works
on the mechanics.
Arsonval: (Arsene of), French physicist, born
in Borie (High-Vienna) {1851-1940}. It applied the high frequency currents to
medicine (of arsonvalisation) and improved the galvanometer.
Becquerel: (Henri) born in Paris 1852,
Croisic 1908, discovered the radioactivity in 1896. Nobel Prize in 1903. Wire of
Edmond, Paris, 1820-1891 (spectrography) and grandson of Antoine,
Châtillon-Coligny (1788-1878), author of work on the piles, electrochemistry,
telegraphy.
Berthelot: (Marcelin), chemist and French
politician, born in Paris (1827-1907). Rival of Pasteur. Author of work on the
synthesis of the organic compounds and thermochemistry. French Academy. Mr
MAILLARD will receive the Berthelot Medal in 1919.
Deslandres: (Henri), French astronomer born
in Paris (1853-1948), inventor of the spectroheliograph.
Duclaux: (Emile), French biochemist, born in
Aurillac (1840-1904). Successor of Pasteur.
Haller: Professor de Maillard in Nancy,
then in the Sorbonne and Membre of the Institute.
Poincaré: (Henri), French mathematician, born
in Nancy (1854-1912), one of largest of its time. It discovered the
functions fuchsiennes. French Academy and Academy of Science. The theory of
relativity, it is him says Einstein in an interview.
Ramsay: (to sir William), British biochemist,
born in Glasgow (1852-1916). It discovered helium, argon and other rare gases.
Nobel Prize 1904.
All these scientists are enthusiastic followers of
Esperanto.
Espérantiste. 7, street Boileau in Paris. AD 54.
Medical review of the East BA 166 1904 (December 15)
Booklet I - - 1era year - - January 1900
Louis Camille perceives an annual allowance of 1 500 francs
as a chief of work practise chemistry
1 part-time lecturer touches 2000 francs, aggregate 3000, Messrs ROHMER and FASCINATING M.BOUIN, senior registrars, 6000, professor GARNIER 8000 and the Senior 11000 francs
Subscription with the newspaper 3 francs the year, 5 centimes the number;
Bicycles: new starting from 150 francs, occasion starting from 25 francs;
Wine of 9 degrees 25 centimes the liter, of 10 degrees 32 centimes the liter;
Price of the kilogramme in francs:
Coffee 3,10; Sweeten sawn 1,05; Chocolate 2; Pastes 0,80; Rice 0,40; Flour with pâtisser 0,35
Soft oil 0,80 F the liter; Rum of Martinique 1,50 F
Enlarging photo 55cm X 40cm 11 francs
1 costume of young girl starts with 4,90 francs; 1 are of vines is worth 20 francs
1 car CLEMENT of Panhard Levassor starting from 4 300 francs in 4 horses